Quarterly Hogs and Pigs ISSN: 1949-1921 Released March 28, 2024, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). United States Hog Inventory Up 1 Percent United States inventory of all hogs and pigs on March 1, 2024 was 74.6 million head. This was up 1 percent from March 1, 2023, but down 2 percent from December 1, 2023. Breeding inventory, at 6.02 million head, was down 2 percent from last year, but up slightly from the previous quarter. Market hog inventory, at 68.6 million head, was up 1 percent from last year, but down 2 percent from last quarter. The December 2023-February 2024 pig crop, at 33.1 million head, was up 2 percent from last year. Sows farrowing during this period totaled 2.88 million head, down 3 percent from previous year. The sows farrowed during this quarter represented 48 percent of the breeding herd. The average pigs saved per litter was 11.53 for the December 2023-February 2024 period, compared to 11.02 last year. United States hog producers intend to have 2.92 million sows farrow during the March-May 2024 quarter, down 1 percent from the actual farrowings during the same period one year earlier, and down 2 percent from the same period two years earlier. Intended farrowings for June-August 2024, at 2.99 million sows, are down 2 percent from the same period one year earlier, and down 3 percent from the same period two years earlier. The total number of hogs under contract owned by operations with over 5,000 head, but raised by contractees, accounted for 52 percent of the total United States hog inventory, up 1 percent from the previous year. Revisions All inventory and pig crop estimates for March 2023 through December 2023 were reviewed using final pig crop, official slaughter, death loss, and updated import and export data. The revision made to the December 2023 all hogs and pigs inventory was 1.1 percent. A revision of 0.5 percent was made to the September 2023-November 2023 pig crop. The net revision made to the September 2023 all hogs and pigs inventory was 2.4 percent. A net revision of 3.1 percent was made to the June-August 2023 pig crop. Records Record highs for all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop and pigs per litter, by quarter, can be found on page 13. This report was approved on March 28, 2024. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Seth Meyer Agricultural Statistics Board Acting Chairperson Lance Honig Contents Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2023 and 2024 4 Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2022-2024 5 Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2023 and 2024 5 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2023 and 2024 6 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2023 and 2024 6 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2022 and 2023 7 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2022 and 2023 7 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2022 and 2023 8 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2022 and 2023 8 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2022 and 2023 9 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2022 and 2023 9 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2023 and 2024 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2022-2024 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2022-2024 11 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2022 and 2023 11 Statistical Methodology 12 Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates 12 Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present 13 Information Contacts 13 Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2023 and 2024 [May not add due to rounding] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2024 as Item : 2023 : 2024 : percent : : : of 2023 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head ---- percent : March 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 74,136 74,571 101 Kept for breeding...................: 6,146 6,016 98 Market..............................: 67,990 68,556 101 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 20,444 20,749 101 50-119 pounds.......................: 19,049 19,333 101 120-179 pounds......................: 15,749 15,804 100 180 pounds and over.................: 12,748 12,670 99 : June 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 73,551 Kept for breeding...................: 6,206 Market..............................: 67,345 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 21,284 50-119 pounds.......................: 18,982 120-179 pounds......................: 14,344 180 pounds and over.................: 12,735 : September 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 76,133 Kept for breeding...................: 6,179 Market..............................: 69,954 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 22,542 50-119 pounds.......................: 20,505 120-179 pounds......................: 14,492 180 pounds and over.................: 12,415 : December 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 75,816 Kept for breeding...................: 5,999 Market..............................: 69,818 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 21,681 50-119 pounds.......................: 19,399 120-179 pounds......................: 14,908 180 pounds and over.................: 13,829 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2022-2024 [December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : 2024 as percent of Item : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 :------------------------- : : : : 2022 : 2023 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- 1,000 head ---------- ---- percent --- Sows farrowing : December-February.......: 2,919 2,952 2,875 99 97 March-May 1/ ...........: 2,967 2,941 2,915 98 99 December-May 2/ 3/ .....: 5,886 5,893 5,791 98 98 : June-August 1/ .........: 3,082 3,040 2,987 97 98 September-November......: 3,092 2,983 June-November 3/ .......: 6,174 6,023 : Pig crop : December-February.......: 31,947 32,537 33,148 104 102 March-May...............: 32,635 33,414 December-May 3/ ........: 64,582 65,951 : June-August.............: 34,319 35,295 September-November......: 34,701 34,792 June-November 3/ .......: 69,019 70,087 : : : ------------ number ----------- ---- percent --- : Pigs per litter : December-February.......: 10.95 11.02 11.53 105 105 March-May...............: 11.00 11.36 December-May............: 10.97 11.19 : June-August.............: 11.13 11.61 September-November......: 11.22 11.66 June-November...........: 11.18 11.64 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Intentions for 2024. 2/ Actual farrowings for December 2023-February 2024 plus intentions for March-May 2024. 3/ May not add due to rounding. Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2023 and 2024 [December preceding year] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing 1/ : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- : December........: 995 969 11.09 11.58 11,035 11,229 January.........: 996 954 10.83 11.52 10,784 10,993 February........: 961 952 11.15 11.48 10,718 10,926 March...........: 997 11.20 11,174 April...........: 975 11.43 11,138 May.............: 969 11.46 11,102 June............: 1,040 11.47 11,930 July............: 1,003 11.67 11,709 August..........: 997 11.69 11,656 September.......: 1,018 11.56 11,772 October.........: 994 11.66 11,592 November........: 971 11.77 11,428 : Total...........: 11,915 11.42 136,038 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Monthly values may not add to quarterly or annual totals due to rounding. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2023 and 2024 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2024 as: : :2024 as: : :2024 as : 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent : : :of 2023: : :of 2023: : :of 2023 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado.........: 140 140 100 440 420 95 580 560 97 Illinois.........: 650 670 103 4,800 4,930 103 5,450 5,600 103 Indiana..........: 250 250 100 4,150 4,150 100 4,400 4,400 100 Iowa.............: 900 890 99 22,900 24,310 106 23,800 25,200 106 Kansas...........: 150 175 117 1,710 1,795 105 1,860 1,970 106 Michigan.........: 115 115 100 1,125 1,105 98 1,240 1,220 98 Minnesota........: 500 490 98 8,700 8,610 99 9,200 9,100 99 Missouri.........: 470 435 93 2,880 2,815 98 3,350 3,250 97 Nebraska.........: 395 410 104 3,205 3,340 104 3,600 3,750 104 North Carolina...: 790 770 97 7,310 6,630 91 8,100 7,400 91 : Ohio.............: 200 190 95 2,500 2,310 92 2,700 2,500 93 Oklahoma.........: 480 390 81 1,660 1,610 97 2,140 2,000 93 Pennsylvania.....: 135 150 111 1,185 1,310 111 1,320 1,460 111 South Dakota.....: 305 325 107 1,805 1,985 110 2,110 2,310 109 Texas............: 170 125 74 1,010 905 90 1,180 1,030 87 Utah.............: 35 35 100 255 55 22 290 90 31 : Other States 1/ .: 461 456 99 2,355 2,276 97 2,816 2,731 97 : United States....: 6,146 6,016 98 67,990 68,556 101 74,136 74,571 101 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2023 and 2024 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado.........: 225 210 90 80 55 55 70 75 Illinois.........: 1,335 1,460 1,580 1,560 1,135 1,150 750 760 Indiana..........: 1,090 1,070 1,220 1,250 1,000 1,030 840 800 Iowa.............: 5,420 5,820 7,240 7,620 5,930 6,160 4,310 4,710 Kansas...........: 410 450 385 435 355 385 560 525 Michigan.........: 330 330 305 295 250 240 240 240 Minnesota........: 2,610 2,630 2,660 2,680 2,040 2,010 1,390 1,290 Missouri.........: 1,310 1,245 530 575 650 660 390 335 Nebraska.........: 1,010 1,135 910 920 750 780 535 505 North Carolina...: 2,730 2,600 1,580 1,450 1,570 1,350 1,430 1,230 : Ohio.............: 705 630 630 600 580 540 585 540 Oklahoma.........: 820 780 310 300 225 200 305 330 Pennsylvania.....: 325 360 355 395 265 300 240 255 South Dakota.....: 740 805 405 455 300 350 360 375 Texas............: 335 260 265 230 160 170 250 245 Utah.............: 105 35 55 6 45 7 50 7 : Other States 1/ .: 944 929 529 482 439 417 443 448 : United States....: 20,444 20,749 19,049 19,333 15,749 15,804 12,748 12,670 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2022 and 2023 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2023 as: : :2023 as: : :2023 as : 2022 : 2023 :percent: 2022 : 2023 :percent: 2022 : 2023 :percent : : :of 2022: : :of 2022: : :of 2022 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado.........: 140 145 104 380 435 114 520 580 112 Illinois.........: 630 670 106 4,670 4,780 102 5,300 5,450 103 Indiana..........: 260 260 100 4,090 4,190 102 4,350 4,450 102 Iowa.............: 950 910 96 22,150 22,990 104 23,100 23,900 103 Kansas...........: 160 155 97 1,760 1,755 100 1,920 1,910 99 Michigan.........: 110 115 105 1,080 1,125 104 1,190 1,240 104 Minnesota........: 520 520 100 7,880 8,380 106 8,400 8,900 106 Missouri.........: 430 455 106 2,770 2,795 101 3,200 3,250 102 Nebraska.........: 420 400 95 3,080 3,350 109 3,500 3,750 107 North Carolina...: 820 800 98 7,380 7,000 95 8,200 7,800 95 : Ohio.............: 190 190 100 2,410 2,410 100 2,600 2,600 100 Oklahoma.........: 470 470 100 1,550 1,710 110 2,020 2,180 108 Pennsylvania.....: 140 140 100 1,220 1,210 99 1,360 1,350 99 South Dakota.....: 290 315 109 1,830 1,885 103 2,120 2,200 104 Texas............: 160 180 113 920 950 103 1,080 1,130 105 Utah.............: 80 30 38 880 255 29 960 285 30 : Other States 1/ .: 448 451 101 2,386 2,125 89 2,834 2,576 91 : United States....: 6,218 6,206 100 66,436 67,345 101 72,654 73,551 101 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2022 and 2023 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado.........: 190 200 70 100 45 60 75 75 Illinois.........: 1,350 1,340 1,560 1,610 990 1,040 770 790 Indiana..........: 1,050 1,080 1,180 1,260 940 980 920 870 Iowa.............: 5,730 6,150 7,110 7,130 5,120 5,300 4,190 4,410 Kansas...........: 435 450 420 405 340 350 565 550 Michigan.........: 310 340 295 300 240 235 235 250 Minnesota........: 2,670 2,850 2,440 2,590 1,520 1,600 1,250 1,340 Missouri.........: 1,240 1,290 530 540 630 610 370 355 Nebraska.........: 1,000 1,070 840 950 690 750 550 580 North Carolina...: 2,900 2,720 1,580 1,530 1,460 1,420 1,440 1,330 : Ohio.............: 660 690 630 610 550 560 570 550 Oklahoma.........: 755 840 305 360 185 195 305 315 Pennsylvania.....: 330 315 375 385 285 290 230 220 South Dakota.....: 755 755 390 410 325 345 360 375 Texas............: 270 265 245 275 170 165 235 245 Utah.............: 350 105 175 55 175 45 180 50 : Other States 1/ .: 908 824 546 472 452 399 480 430 : United States....: 20,903 21,284 18,691 18,982 14,117 14,344 12,725 12,735 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2022 and 2023 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2023 as: : :2023 as: : :2023 as : 2022 : 2023 :percent: 2022 : 2023 :percent: 2022 : 2023 :percent : : :of 2022: : :of 2022: : :of 2022 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado.........: 135 140 104 365 470 129 500 610 122 Illinois.........: 600 670 112 4,650 4,830 104 5,250 5,500 105 Indiana..........: 260 270 104 4,140 4,330 105 4,400 4,600 105 Iowa.............: 950 900 95 22,650 24,000 106 23,600 24,900 106 Kansas...........: 170 175 103 1,760 1,815 103 1,930 1,990 103 Michigan.........: 110 115 105 1,100 1,165 106 1,210 1,280 106 Minnesota........: 520 510 98 8,480 8,590 101 9,000 9,100 101 Missouri.........: 430 420 98 2,920 3,030 104 3,350 3,450 103 Nebraska.........: 420 410 98 3,130 3,390 108 3,550 3,800 107 North Carolina...: 820 800 98 7,580 7,300 96 8,400 8,100 96 : Ohio.............: 200 200 100 2,500 2,500 100 2,700 2,700 100 Oklahoma.........: 510 460 90 1,760 1,800 102 2,270 2,260 100 Pennsylvania.....: 145 145 100 1,215 1,295 107 1,360 1,440 106 South Dakota.....: 305 320 105 1,795 1,900 106 2,100 2,220 106 Texas............: 170 160 94 1,050 1,050 100 1,220 1,210 99 Utah.............: 55 30 55 765 260 34 820 290 35 : Other States 1/ .: 452 454 100 2,413 2,229 92 2,865 2,683 94 : United States....: 6,252 6,179 99 68,273 69,954 102 74,525 76,133 102 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2022 and 2023 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado.........: 195 210 55 110 40 65 75 85 Illinois.........: 1,330 1,425 1,550 1,515 955 1,090 815 800 Indiana..........: 1,120 1,120 1,220 1,330 900 1,000 900 880 Iowa.............: 6,000 6,430 7,610 8,140 5,210 5,230 3,830 4,200 Kansas...........: 445 490 440 430 350 355 525 540 Michigan.........: 340 355 300 320 235 240 225 250 Minnesota........: 2,840 2,960 2,820 2,790 1,640 1,710 1,180 1,130 Missouri.........: 1,330 1,310 540 620 650 680 400 420 Nebraska.........: 1,090 1,130 840 960 680 720 520 580 North Carolina...: 3,080 2,990 1,630 1,570 1,440 1,390 1,430 1,350 : Ohio.............: 790 760 630 650 540 530 540 560 Oklahoma.........: 880 885 380 385 200 240 300 290 Pennsylvania.....: 340 370 360 410 290 310 225 205 South Dakota.....: 785 780 365 420 295 320 350 380 Texas............: 375 370 250 300 170 150 255 230 Utah.............: 230 95 180 60 180 50 175 55 : Other States 1/ .: 943 862 507 495 468 412 495 460 : United States....: 22,113 22,542 19,677 20,505 14,243 14,492 12,240 12,415 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2022 and 2023 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2023 as: : :2023 as: : :2023 as : 2022 : 2023 :percent: 2022 : 2023 :percent: 2022 : 2023 :percent : : :of 2022: : :of 2022: : :of 2022 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado.........: 145 125 86 385 465 121 530 590 111 Illinois.........: 650 630 97 4,850 4,870 100 5,500 5,500 100 Indiana..........: 270 270 100 4,180 4,230 101 4,450 4,500 101 Iowa.............: 930 870 94 23,170 24,330 105 24,100 25,200 105 Kansas...........: 175 170 97 1,735 1,820 105 1,910 1,990 104 Michigan.........: 115 115 100 1,145 1,185 103 1,260 1,300 103 Minnesota........: 490 510 104 8,510 8,790 103 9,000 9,300 103 Missouri.........: 440 440 100 2,910 2,710 93 3,350 3,150 94 Nebraska.........: 410 400 98 3,190 3,400 107 3,600 3,800 106 North Carolina...: 800 780 98 7,500 7,120 95 8,300 7,900 95 : Ohio.............: 200 190 95 2,550 2,460 96 2,750 2,650 96 Oklahoma.........: 490 390 80 1,690 1,700 101 2,180 2,090 96 Pennsylvania.....: 135 160 119 1,225 1,320 108 1,360 1,480 109 South Dakota.....: 300 345 115 1,810 1,965 109 2,110 2,310 109 Texas............: 160 130 81 1,070 1,040 97 1,230 1,170 95 Utah.............: 35 30 86 475 175 37 510 205 40 : Other States 1/ .: 459 444 97 2,357 2,238 95 2,816 2,681 95 : United States....: 6,204 5,999 97 68,752 69,818 102 74,956 75,816 101 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2022 and 2023 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado.........: 200 210 75 100 45 65 65 90 Illinois.........: 1,380 1,455 1,630 1,530 1,015 1,070 825 815 Indiana..........: 1,060 1,080 1,220 1,260 980 960 920 930 Iowa.............: 6,110 6,330 7,130 7,540 5,580 5,700 4,350 4,760 Kansas...........: 420 460 420 430 320 360 575 570 Michigan.........: 350 350 315 315 235 250 245 270 Minnesota........: 2,910 2,890 2,530 2,660 1,660 1,730 1,410 1,510 Missouri.........: 1,300 1,180 560 510 640 630 410 390 Nebraska.........: 1,060 1,130 880 890 730 770 520 610 North Carolina...: 2,950 2,760 1,700 1,520 1,430 1,370 1,420 1,470 : Ohio.............: 730 710 660 600 560 520 600 630 Oklahoma.........: 830 755 320 395 230 210 310 340 Pennsylvania.....: 330 370 380 415 290 280 225 255 South Dakota.....: 740 790 410 430 310 350 350 395 Texas............: 380 290 270 300 200 170 220 280 Utah.............: 120 55 115 40 120 40 120 40 : Other States 1/ .: 918 866 519 464 456 433 464 474 : United States....: 21,788 21,681 19,134 19,399 14,801 14,908 13,029 13,829 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2023 and 2024 [December preceding year. May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2024 as : : : : : 2024 as State : 2023 : 2024 : percent : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : percent : : : of 2023 : : : : : of 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado............: 60 61 102 9.90 10.00 594 610 103 Illinois............: 280 300 107 10.60 11.00 2,968 3,300 111 Indiana.............: 125 120 96 11.25 11.30 1,406 1,356 96 Iowa................: 480 445 93 11.45 11.80 5,496 5,251 96 Kansas..............: 80 84 105 10.25 11.55 820 970 118 Michigan............: 55 53 96 10.70 11.40 589 604 103 Minnesota...........: 260 260 100 11.95 12.20 3,107 3,172 102 Missouri............: 230 215 93 10.60 11.30 2,438 2,430 100 Nebraska............: 180 185 103 11.25 12.10 2,025 2,239 111 North Carolina......: 410 385 94 10.70 11.15 4,387 4,293 98 : Ohio................: 90 88 98 10.70 11.45 963 1,008 105 Oklahoma............: 205 185 90 10.15 10.90 2,081 2,017 97 Pennsylvania........: 47 46 98 11.40 11.80 536 543 101 South Dakota........: 142 157 111 12.80 12.80 1,818 2,010 111 Texas...............: 73 63 86 11.40 11.70 832 737 89 Utah................: 14 12 86 9.60 11.90 134 143 107 : Other States 2/ ....: 221 216 98 10.61 11.39 2,343 2,465 105 : United States.......: 2,952 2,875 97 11.02 11.53 32,537 33,148 102 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born December-February that were still on hand March 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2022-2024 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2024 as : : : : : 2023 as : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 2/ : percent : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : percent : : : : of 2023 : : : : : of 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado............: 61 62 69 111 9.80 10.40 598 645 108 Illinois............: 260 275 305 111 10.70 11.35 2,782 3,121 112 Indiana.............: 120 125 120 96 10.70 11.10 1,284 1,388 108 Iowa................: 500 470 465 99 11.45 11.75 5,725 5,523 96 Kansas..............: 85 80 80 100 10.40 10.80 884 864 98 Michigan............: 51 54 54 100 10.80 11.10 551 599 109 Minnesota...........: 265 265 255 96 11.85 12.10 3,140 3,207 102 Missouri............: 225 225 220 98 10.70 11.10 2,408 2,498 104 Nebraska............: 185 180 175 97 11.60 11.40 2,146 2,052 96 North Carolina......: 420 405 390 96 10.40 11.00 4,368 4,455 102 : Ohio................: 90 93 90 97 11.30 11.30 1,017 1,051 103 Oklahoma............: 200 205 180 88 10.20 10.70 2,040 2,194 108 Pennsylvania........: 50 47 49 104 11.50 11.45 575 538 94 South Dakota........: 135 141 150 106 12.70 12.90 1,715 1,819 106 Texas...............: 61 74 68 92 10.10 11.20 616 829 135 Utah................: 45 16 16 100 10.70 10.90 482 174 36 : Other States 3/ ....: 214 224 229 103 10.76 10.98 2,304 2,457 107 : United States.......: 2,967 2,941 2,915 99 11.00 11.36 32,635 33,414 102 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born March-May that were still on hand June 1, or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2022-2024 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : 2024 as : : : : : 2023 as State : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 2/ : percent : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : percent : : : : of 2023 : : : : : of 2022 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- 1,000 head ------ percent ---- number --- -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado.........: 65 63 71 113 10.10 10.40 657 655 100 Illinois.........: 270 295 315 107 10.75 11.60 2,903 3,422 118 Indiana..........: 125 135 130 96 10.85 11.50 1,356 1,553 115 Iowa.............: 520 480 470 98 11.65 11.80 6,058 5,664 93 Kansas...........: 85 87 86 99 10.95 11.20 931 974 105 Michigan.........: 55 55 52 95 10.90 11.10 600 611 102 Minnesota........: 265 270 265 98 12.10 12.10 3,207 3,267 102 Missouri.........: 240 225 220 98 10.70 12.20 2,568 2,745 107 Nebraska.........: 185 185 185 100 11.25 11.80 2,081 2,183 105 North Carolina...: 435 420 395 94 10.85 11.30 4,720 4,746 101 : Ohio.............: 95 100 93 93 11.40 11.50 1,083 1,150 106 Oklahoma.........: 220 205 190 93 10.20 11.00 2,244 2,255 100 Pennsylvania.....: 48 52 48 92 11.60 11.60 557 603 108 South Dakota.....: 144 148 155 105 12.60 12.60 1,814 1,865 103 Texas............: 81 82 68 83 9.40 11.40 761 935 123 Utah.............: 32 15 18 120 13.80 11.00 442 165 37 : Other States 3/ .: 217 223 226 101 10.76 11.22 2,337 2,502 107 : United States....: 3,082 3,040 2,987 98 11.13 11.61 34,319 35,295 103 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born June-August that were still on hand September 1, or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2022 and 2023 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows Farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2023 as : : : : : 2023 as State : 2022 : 2023 : percent : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : percent : : : of 2022 : : : : : of 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado............: 60 62 103 10.10 10.50 606 651 107 Illinois............: 290 295 102 10.75 11.40 3,118 3,363 108 Indiana.............: 130 125 96 10.95 11.70 1,424 1,463 103 Iowa................: 535 460 86 11.55 11.80 6,179 5,428 88 Kansas..............: 81 83 102 10.90 11.35 883 942 107 Michigan............: 56 57 102 11.10 11.40 622 650 105 Minnesota...........: 280 290 104 12.00 12.05 3,360 3,495 104 Missouri............: 230 210 91 11.25 11.70 2,588 2,457 95 Nebraska............: 190 185 97 11.50 11.85 2,185 2,192 100 North Carolina......: 420 410 98 11.15 11.55 4,683 4,736 101 : Ohio................: 95 98 103 11.30 11.20 1,074 1,098 102 Oklahoma............: 220 200 91 10.80 11.20 2,376 2,240 94 Pennsylvania........: 46 49 107 11.50 11.90 529 583 110 South Dakota........: 143 157 110 12.10 12.70 1,730 1,994 115 Texas...............: 80 75 94 10.00 12.00 800 900 113 Utah................: 15 13 87 11.50 11.00 173 143 83 : Other States 2/ ....: 221 214 97 10.73 11.50 2,371 2,457 104 : United States.......: 3,092 2,983 96 11.22 11.66 34,701 34,792 100 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born September-November that were still on hand December 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: A random sample of 4,509 United States producers was surveyed to provide data for these estimates. Survey procedures ensured that all hog and pig producers, regardless of size, had a chance to be included in the survey. Large operations were sampled more heavily than small operations. During the first half of March 2024, data were collected from about 2,900 operations. The data collected were received by electronic data reporting, mail, telephone, and face-to-face personal interviews. Regardless of when operations responded, they were asked to report inventories as of March 1, 2024. Estimating Procedures: Hogs and pigs estimates were prepared by the Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis submitted by each regional field office. National and State survey data were reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from past years using a balance sheet. The balance sheet begins with the previous inventory estimate, adds the estimates of births and imports, and subtracts the estimates of slaughter, exports, and deaths. This indicated ending inventory level is compared to the Agricultural Statistics Board estimate for reasonableness. Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve quarter to quarter relationships. Estimates for the previous four quarters are subject to revision when current estimates are made. In December, estimates are reviewed from all quarters of the current year, all quarters of the previous year, and December two years prior. The reviews are primarily based on hog check-off receipts and slaughter. Estimates will also be reviewed after data from the Department of Agriculture five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date. Reliability: Since all operations raising hogs are not included in the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplication, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the following table. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the difference between first and final estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for hog inventory estimates over the past 20 quarters is 1.6 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 74.6 million head by more than 1.6 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 2.8 percent. Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates [Based on data for the previous 20 quarters] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate : square error : confidence : : : : : : : level :------------------------------------------------------------- Item : : : : : : Quarters : : : : : :------------------------------- : : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Below latest : Above latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent --------- 1,000 -------- ----- number ----- : All hogs and pigs ............: 1.6 2.8 985 15 2,350 12 8 : Pig crop .....................: 1.9 3.3 556 14 1,211 15 5 : Expected farrowings : : Second intentions ..........: 2.4 4.1 56 2 189 14 6 : First intentions ...........: 2.4 4.1 62 2 182 10 10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present [This table provides data users with record high estimates of all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop, and pigs per litter since each data series began] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : Estimate : Record high : Series began ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 head year year : All hogs and pigs : March 1.....................: 76,104 2020 1988 June 1......................: 77,514 2020 1964 September 1.................: 78,963 2019 1988 December 1..................: 83,741 1943 1866 : Market : March 1.....................: 69,629 2020 1988 June 1......................: 71,038 2020 1964 September 1.................: 72,503 2019 1988 December 1..................: 70,846 2020 1963 : Pig crop : December-February1/ ........: 34,919 2020 1970 March-May...................: 34,595 2019 1970 June-August.................: 36,370 2019 1970 September-November..........: 34,987 2020 1970 : : number year year : Pigs per litter : December-February1/ ........: 11.53 2024 1970 March-May...................: 11.36 2023 1970 June-August.................: 11.61 2023 1970 September-November..........: 11.66 2023 1970 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ December preceding year. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov. Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ....................................................... (202) 692-0069 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ......................................................... (202) 690-2424 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter .................................................... (202) 690-8632 Ryan Cowen - Cattle, Cattle on Feed ........................................................ (202) 720-3040 Kim DaPra - Milk Production and Milk Cows (512) 501-3266 Donnie Fike - Dairy Products.. (202) 690-3347 Anthony Fischer - Hogs and Pigs............................................................. (202) 720-3106 Suzanne Richards - Sheep and Goats ......................................................... 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(Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/or employment activities.) If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form (PDF), found online at www.ascr.usda.gov/filing-program-discrimination-complaint-usda-customer, or at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may also write a letter containing all of the information requested in the form. Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department of Agriculture, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax (202) 690-7442 or email at program.intake@usda.gov. 1 Quarterly Hogs and Pigs (March 2024) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Quarterly Hogs and Pigs (March 2024) 1 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service